Either an undertaking by an exporter to increase its export price (by not more than the amount of the subsidy), or an undertaking by the authorities of the subsidizing country to eliminate or limit the subsidy or take other measures concerning its effects, to avoid the imposition of countervailing duties.  Undertakings can be negotiated only after a preliminary determination that subsidized imports are causing injury.   
Example: A countervailing duty investigation involving “Palm oil and margarine for puff pastry” from Country A resulted in the government of Country A undertaking to fully eliminate the subsidy on that product.